Latest Articles
America’s Addiction Epidemic
Kerri Homerick
January 21, 2026
The mainstream attitude that equates addiction with criminality tends to overlook some of the more foundational and influential components of addiction, those related to individual and cultural wounding. Those who turn to substances do so to fill a void—to bridge the vast expanse that they experience between disparate parts of themselves, and between themselves and the world.
Artificial Intelligence
Satish Kappagantula
October 7, 2025
As a species, we have been invoking the machine for centuries. The machine has become an archetype, evolving in its shape and form over the generations. One only needs to think of the massive data centers already in place today with thousands of computing elements in operation for AI training and generation. Jung (1984) reminded us that these vast machines are the dragons of our day.
The Deep Well
Rachel McKamey
June 9, 2025
I was so outwardly focused on my own anticipation and expectation of others that I dampened the voice from within so that it was barely a whisper with no sense of agency. I was quite adept at anticipating and meeting others’ needs and normalizing them over my own. I accepted things I should not have and lived without a sense of inner comfort or safe harbor, instead choosing to embark on boats where other people were at the helm.
From the Archives
Is Trauma the Mother of Growth?
Mark Hunziker
July 9, 2014
Jung observed that, “The developing personality obeys … only brute necessity; it needs the motivation force of inner and outer fatalities.” Are “outer fatalities” a requisite for growth? Are “inner fatalities” necessarily traumatic and potentially catastrophic? Are there gentler, more positive ways of facilitating development of personality?
The Map vs. the Territory of Type
Kartik Subbarao
November 1, 2012
The problem was that I wanted it to be as reliable as a road map. … I wanted the type map to conclusively show me the routes that, say, ESTPs took in their thinking and behavior. When it didn’t ‘work,’ I was disappointed. How could something so useful to me internally be so unreliable in external application, even after extensive study?
Migrating Identities
Abby Chow
October 4, 2017
For intuitives, change can be a thrilling undertaking. A preference for sensing, by contrast, tends to be associated with a step-by-step process to change that is anchored in what is known, as well as what is necessary and practical. If acculturation is viewed as a process of change, intuitive individuals possess a greater propensity for reconciling different cultural identities.
Jung’s Third Dimension
Philippe De Sainte Maresville
February 5, 2014
Jung’s approach is based on pairs of polarities. Getting eight functions with such a ‘binary approach’ requires three levels of dichotomy. Jung clearly explained his split of the rational functions into two opposite functions and the same for the irrational functions; but he never provided a theoretical context for a third “dimension” of psychological type.
Red Book Ruminations IV
Mark Hunziker
December 1, 2011
It is no small matter to acknowledge one’s yearning. For this many need to make a particular effort at honesty. All too many do not want to know where their yearning is, because it would seem to them impossible or too distressing. And yet yearning is the way of life. If you do not acknowledge your yearning, then you do not follow yourself …
Dreams of Grief and Growth
Alexa Gallo
September 16, 2020
My ongoing experience with grief in relation to my inferior function has brought forth dysfunctional behavior as well as an increase in consciousness and differentiation. It has enhanced my awareness of the healing capacity and vulnerability of the inferior function. I have come to see that the vulnerability is necessary.
Ambiversion: Ideal or Myth?
Carol Shumate
July 1, 2015
“Ambiversion” —the equal development of extraversion and introversion in an individual— has become a popular notion of late but it has led to some misinterpretations of Jung’s typology, specifically, to an idealization of this in-between state…
The Spectrum of Consciousness
Kiley Laughlin
October 7, 2015
Jung believed that colors symbolize dynamic psychic factors that evolve with consciousness. An analysis of his color studies suggests that the psyche uses color as a way to distinguish different kinds (i.e., functions) of consciousness. “The personality passes through many transformations which show it in different lights and are followed by ever-changing moods.“